The effect of surgical treatment for endometrioma on in vitro fertilization outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of surgical treatment of endometrioma on pregnancy rate and ovarian response to gonadotrophin stimulation in women undergoing IVF. DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING Tertiary referral center for reproductive medicine. PATIENT(S) Subfertile women with endometrioma undergoing IVF. INTERVENTION(S) Surgical removal of endometrioma or expectant management. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Clinical pregnancy rate and ovarian response to gonadotrophins (number of gonadotrophin ampoules, peak E(2) levels, number of oocytes retrieved, and number of embryos available for transfer). RESULT(S) A search of three electronic databases for articles published between January 1985 and November 2007 yielded 20 eligible studies. Meta-analysis was conducted for five studies that compared surgery vs. no treatment of endometrioma. There was no significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate between the treated and the untreated groups. Similarly, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to the outcome measures used to assess the response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with gonadotrophins. CONCLUSION(S) Collectively the available data in the literature show that surgical management of endometriomas has no significant effect on IVF pregnancy rates and ovarian response to stimulation compared with no treatment. Randomized controlled trials are needed before producing best-practice recommendations on this topic.